RESUMO
The introduction of high toxicity petroleum contaminants to the natural environment causes damage to ecosystems and the aesthetics of the surroundings. Therefore it is critical to enhance microbial community performance to manage the degradation process. This paper analyses the effect of natural surfactants from the tree Sapindus mukorossi on biodegradation of hydrocarbons. Analysis of cell surface hydrophobicity and zeta potential confirmed effective modifications of the cell surface parameters essential for the bioavailability of contaminants to microorganisms. Interestingly, favorable differences were observed only for microorganisms from non-contaminated soil. There was also recorded an increase in diesel oil biodegradation to 41% for Sphingomonas sp. and 56% for Pseudomonas alcaligenes on addition of 100mgL(-1) of Sapindus saponins. The addition of natural surfactants has no significant impact on bacterial strains isolated from long-term contaminated soil. This research demonstrates that the addition of Sapindus extract could be a useful tool to improve the effectiveness of microbial degradation of hydrocarbon pollutants by environmental strains in recently contaminated.
Assuntos
Hidrocarbonetos/metabolismo , Pseudomonas alcaligenes/efeitos dos fármacos , Sapindus/química , Saponinas/farmacologia , Poluentes do Solo/metabolismo , Sphingomonas/efeitos dos fármacos , Tensoativos/farmacologia , Biodegradação Ambiental , Técnicas Eletroquímicas , Poluição Ambiental , Gasolina , Humanos , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Consórcios Microbianos/efeitos dos fármacos , Pseudomonas alcaligenes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Pseudomonas alcaligenes/metabolismo , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Sphingomonas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sphingomonas/metabolismo , Propriedades de Superfície , Tensoativos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
We investigated the genotype frequency of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 1298A>C polymorphism in the group of patients with bipolar disorder type I (BDI) (n=200) and schizophrenia (n=200) and in the control group (n=300). Odds ratio (OR) for patients with BD and schizophrenia in 1298CC homozygous state was 3.768 (95% CI=1.752-8.104); P=0.0003; (P=0.0006 after Bonferroni correction) and 2.694; (95% CI=1.207-6.013); P=0.0123 (P=0.0246 after Bonferroni correction), respectively. The stratification of patients based on gender revealed significant association of 1298CC genotype with female patients only with BDI (OR=7.293; 95% CI=2.017-26.363; P=0.0005). Our results confirm association of BD and schizophrenia with the 1p36.3 MTHFR locus and with the methyl group transfer using folate-dependent one-carbon pathway.
Assuntos
Transtorno Bipolar/genética , Metilenotetra-Hidrofolato Redutase (NADPH2)/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/fisiologia , Esquizofrenia/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtorno Bipolar/epidemiologia , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Polônia/epidemiologia , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Fatores de Risco , Esquizofrenia/epidemiologia , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism 677C>T has been shown to be a risk factor for psychiatric disorders. We investigated the genotype and allelic frequencies of MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism in the group of patients with bipolar disorder type I (BDI) (n=200) and schizophrenia (n=200), and in the control group (n=300). Odds ratio (OR) for patients with BD and schizophrenia with 677T allele was 1.988 ((95% CI=1.370-2.883); P=0.0003 (P=0.0006 after Bonferroni correction)) and 1.796 ((95% CI=1.237-2.609); P=0.0020 (P=0.0040 after Bonferroni correction)), respectively. The stratification of patients based on gender revealed significant association of 677T allele with male patients with BDI and schizophrenia (OR=2.393; 95% CI=1.429-4.006; P=0.0008 and OR=2.036; 95% CI=1.207-3.433; P=0.0073, respectively). This finding indicates possible association of BD and schizophrenia with the 1p36.3 MTHFR locus.
